official document：http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/
项目代码： https://github.com/Ryan-Miao/springboot-test
一、简介
SpringMVC是非常伟大的框架，开源，发展迅速。优秀的设计必然会划分、解耦。所以，spring有很多子项目，比如core、context、bean、mvc等。这对知根底的人来说很简单明了，然而springmvc就是为了傻瓜式的操作而发明的。对于初学springmvc的人来说，想要入手就开发需要拷贝一连串的dependency而不知道这个是干嘛，不知道是不是少了依赖。像我刚接触springmvc的时候到处百度教程而发现各有不同，于是复制了一个又一个代码却不能自己设置，根本原因是不了解各个依赖的包。
Spring-Boot 正是为了解决繁复的代码配置而产生的。Spring-Boot 也是基于java-base 开发的代码，及不用xml文件配置，所有代码都由java来完成。还可以加入Groovy的动态语言执行。
本文只是Springboot的初始化用法，更多详情，参阅[Java Web 之 Springboot](http://www.cnblogs.com/woshimrf/p/java-web-springboot.html)
二、搭建一个基本的web-mvc 项目
2.1 Configure environment
- java 1.8+
- maven 3.3+
- spring-boot 1.3.5
- idea 15
- Thymeleaf 3
2.2 Start
在idea中，选择new-》maven创建一个空的maven项目,比如名字springboot-test。
2.2.1pom.xml
设定java版本：
1 2 3 | <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version></properties> |
添加依赖版本管理dependencyManagement
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <!-- Import dependency management from Spring Boot --> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies></dependencyManagement> |
添加spring-web项目依赖
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency></dependencies> |
添加build-plugin
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins></build> |
如此，一个简单的restful的webservice的项目就搭建好了。如果想要支持视图渲染，即jsp、freeMark、velocity等，添加对应的依赖即可。比如，我使用Thymeleaf模板：
1 2 3 4 | <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency> |
2.2.2 创建java代码
如果新建项目的名字是：springboot-test. 则创建包springboot-test/src/main/java/com/test.
com
+- example
+- myproject
+- Application.java
|
+- domain
| +- Customer.java
| +- CustomerRepository.java
|
+- service
| +- CustomerService.java
|
+- web
+- CustomerController.javacom.test是我们的基本包名。下面创建配置类com.test.AppConfig。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | package com.test;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/** * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19. */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class AppConfig { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(AppConfig.class); }} |
@SpringBootApplication 标注启动配置入口，可以发现通过一个main方法启动。使用这个注解的类必须放置于最外层包中，因为默认扫描这个类以下的包。否则需要自己配置@ComponentScan。
这样，配置基本完成了。下面开发控制层controller：
创建com.test.controller.HelloController。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 | package com.test.controller;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;/** * Created by miaorf on 2016/6/19. */@Controllerpublic class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/index") public String index(Model model){ model.addAttribute("name","Ryan"); return "index"; } @RequestMapping("/json") @ResponseBody public Map<String,Object> json(){ Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>(); map.put("name","Ryan"); map.put("age","18"); map.put("sex","man"); return map; }} |
创建视图代码：
视图默认放在springboot-test\src\main\resources\templates**.
所以创建springboot-test\src\main\resources\templates\index.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | <!DOCTYPE HTML><html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head> <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /></head><body><p th:text="'Hello, ' + ${name} + '!'" /></body></html> |
D:\workspace\springboot\springboot-test\src\main\webapp\hello.html
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | <!DOCTYPE HTML><html><head> <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /></head><body>hello, This is static page. not resolve by server, just the html.</body></html> |
2.2.3 run
启动方式多种，可以启动main方法，也可以通过命令行启动：
D:\temp\springboot-test>mvn spring-boot:run [INFO] Scanning for projects... [WARNING] [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.test:springboot-test:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT [WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 49, column 21 [WARNING] [WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build. [WARNING] [WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects. [WARNING] [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Building springboot-test 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] [INFO] >>> spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) > test-compile @ springboot-test >>> [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ springboot-test --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 2 resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ springboot-test --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ springboot-test --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory D:\temp\springboot-test\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ springboot-test --- [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [INFO] <<< spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) < test-compile @ springboot-test <<< [INFO] [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.3.5.RELEASE:run (default-cli) @ springboot-test --- [INFO] Attaching agents: [] . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.5.RELEASE)
浏览器访问：localhost:8080/index
__EOF__
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